Deuterium retention in the material of welded seam rafm steel EK-181 (Rusfer)

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For the first time, deuterium retention in the welded seam of the domestic reduced-activation ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) steel EK-181 (Rusfer) was investigated in comparison with the usual samples of the same steel. The welded seam was obtained by the argon arc welding method of two sheets of steel EK-18 with a thickness of 2 mm. Samples were kept in gaseous deuterium at a pressure of 5 atmospheres and temperatures in the range of 623–773 K for 25 hours. The number of retained deuterium was determined by thermal desorption spectrometry (TDS). It was found that after exposure in the gas, samples carved from a weld retained about 2 times more deuterium than samples from conventional steel EK-181. The number of peaks in TDS spectra is the same for both ordinary steel and the area of the weld. The TDS spectra modeling was carried out using the TMAP7 code. The proposed model includes the presence of oxides on the surface and a high concentration of defects in the surface layer of samples, wherein well describing the experimental TDS spectra. The possible nature of hydrogen states in steel is discussed, which determines the features of TDS spectra.

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Sobre autores

A. Golubeva

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: av_golubeva@nrcki.ru
Rússia, Moscow

A. Persianova

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Email: av_golubeva@nrcki.ru
Rússia, Moscow

V. Efimov

National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”

Email: av_golubeva@nrcki.ru
Rússia, Moscow

N. Bobyr

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Email: av_golubeva@nrcki.ru
Rússia, Moscow

V. Chernov

National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”; JSC “Academician A.A. Bochvar High-Tech Research Institute of Inorganic Materials”

Email: av_golubeva@nrcki.ru
Rússia, Moscow; Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Surface of EK-181 steel samples, SEM data: (a) argon-arc welding seam; (b) area inside the rectangle in Fig. 1a with high magnification; (c) surface of EK-181 steel before welding, scanning electron microscope data.

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3. Fig. 2. Different areas of the weld. SEM images.

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4. Fig. 3. Module for holding samples in gas: 1 – exposure chamber surrounded by an external screen; 2 – heater current leads; 3 – pressure sensor; 4 – gas supply line with nitrogen trap.

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5. Fig. 4. TDS spectra of EK-181 steel samples kept in deuterium at a pressure of 5 atmospheres: thin lines – normal samples, thick lines – welded seam.

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6. Fig. 5. Dependence of the amount of deuterium captured in the samples on the temperature at which the samples were kept in gaseous deuterium at a pressure of 5 atmospheres for 25 hours.

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7. Fig. 6. Experimental and simulated TDS spectra of EK-181 steel samples held in D2 gas at 623, 673 and 723 K.

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8. Fig. 7. The influence of near-surface traps on the shape of the model TDS spectrum.

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9. Fig. 8. TDS spectra of deuterium simulated without an oxide layer on the sample. The red color shows the TDS spectrum with one trap of uniform concentration, the green color shows the TDS spectrum with the same uniform trap, but with a second near-surface trap added. The gray color shows the TDS spectra at different concentrations of the near-surface trap (from the maximum concentration (green) to zero concentration (red)).

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10. Fig. 9. TDS spectrum with a “strong trap” (ST), without ST, and their sum. The sum of the TDS spectra shows that the narrow peak at ~1000 K cannot be described by simply adding ST to the modeling.

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