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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Самарской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1997-3225</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-4225</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Samara State Agrarian University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689844</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55170/1997-3225-2025-10-4-3-10</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRICULTURE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessment of carbon balance in agroecosystems under conventional and no-tillage of chernozems</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка составляющих баланса углерода в агроэкосистемах с традиционной и нулевой обработками черноземов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8397-158X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashchenko</surname><given-names>Kristina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иващенко</surname><given-names>Кристина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>ivashchenko.kv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0664-7641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sushko</surname><given-names>Sofya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сушко</surname><given-names>Софья Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>rogovaja7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-6229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrokhotov</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доброхотов</surname><given-names>Алексей Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>dobralexey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7287-5960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher; Scientific and Educational Professional Center of Genetic and Laboratory Technologies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник; Научно-образовательный профессиональный центр генетических и лабораторных технологий </p></bio><email>orineon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khoroshaev</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорошаев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Dciences, Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>d.khoroshaev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3774-1235</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trots</surname><given-names>Natalia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троц</surname><given-names>Наталья Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor Of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>troz_shi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6941-8523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Людмила Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Economic Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук</p></bio><email>orlova.rmrl@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физико-химических и биологических проблем почвоведения РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Agrophysical Research Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Агрофизический научно-исследовательский институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">SamSMU</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СамГМУ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Agrarian University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Самарский государственный аграрный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orlovka – AIC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Орловка – АИЦ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-25"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Ivashchenko K.V., Sushko S.V., Dobrokhotov A.V., Zakharova E.A., Khoroshaev D.A., Trots N.M., Orlova L.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Иващенко К.В., Сушко С.В., Доброхотов А.В., Захарова Е.А., Хорошаев Д.А., Троц Н.М., Орлова Л.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashchenko K.V., Sushko S.V., Dobrokhotov A.V., Zakharova E.A., Khoroshaev D.A., Trots N.M., Orlova L.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иващенко К.В., Сушко С.В., Доброхотов А.В., Захарова Е.А., Хорошаев Д.А., Троц Н.М., Орлова Л.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssaa.ru/1997-3225/article/view/689844">https://bulletin.ssaa.ru/1997-3225/article/view/689844</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study focuses on the comparing of the carbon (C) balance in Chernozem agroecosystems under no-till and conventional tillage in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of European Russia (the Samara and Krasnodar regions). The C balance of agroecosystems was evaluated using net ecosystem production (NEP), which considers both net primary production and soil CO<sub>2</sub> emission. Experimental NEP data were obtained for the growing season (May–October 2024), alongside predictive estimates for the period 2023–2100 under various climate change scenarios using the DNDC model. Pairs of fields under no-till and conventional tillage were selected from agricultural enterprises in the studied regions. Soil CO<sub>2</sub> emission was measured at 10 spatially remote points within each agroecosystem using the closed chamber method during the growing season. The aboveground and root biomass of agricultural crops was sampled at the study sites before harvesting. The experimental data showed that the NEP values were close to zero under no-till in the Samara region, or indicated a 3.4-fold increase in the agroecosystem as a C sink in the Krasnodar region, compared to conventional tillage. Predictive estimates revealed that the C balance is largely determined by the type of crop. No matter what type of tillage is used, the agroecosystem with sunflowers will be a source of CO<sub>2</sub> rather than a C sink. The most favourable conditions for increasing C stock (by 11–25%) in the agroecosystems of the Samara region are expected when spring wheat and soybeans are cultivated in combination with no-till farming, due to a (4–7%) decrease in soil microbial respiration compared to ploughing. In the agroecosystem of the Krasnodar region, cultivating corn alongside no-till farming is the most effective way to increase the C stock, due to an increase in net primary production (by 28–31%) and a decrease in soil microbial respiration (by 15–17%).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования – сравнительная оценка баланса углерода (С) при нулевой и традиционной обработках чернозема в агроценозах лесостепной и степной зон Европейской территории России (Самарская обл. и Краснодарский край). Баланс С агроценозов оценивали через показатель NEP – чистая экосистемная продукция, учитывая чистую первичную продукцию и почвенную эмиссию СО<sub>2</sub>. В результате исследования получены экспериментальные данные NEP за вегетационный период (май-октябрь 2024 г.) и прогнозные оценки с помощью модели DNDC за период 2023–2100 гг. при различных сценариях изменения климата. На территории агрохозяйств в изученных регионах было выбрано по 2 производственных поля с нулевой и традиционной обработками почвы. В каждом агроценозе измерения почвенной эмиссии СО<sub>2</sub> проводили в<sub> </sub>10 пространственно-удаленных точках методом закрытых камер в течение вегетационного периода. Перед уборкой урожая в точках исследования отбирали надземную и корневую биомассу сельскохозяйственных культур. Экспериментальные данные показали, что значения NEP при использовании нулевой обработки либо стремятся к нулю (Самарская область), либо указывают на увеличение стока С в агроэкосистеме в 3,4 раза (Краснодарский край) по сравнению с традиционным подходом. На основе прогнозных оценок выявлено, что баланс С во многом определяется видом возделываемой культуры. Независимо от типа обработки почвы агроценоз подсолнечника будет источником СО<sub>2</sub>, а не стоком С. Наиболее благоприятные условия для увеличения стока С (на 11–25%) в агроэкосистемах Самарской обл. ожидаются при возделывании яровой пшеницы и сои в сочетании с нулевой обработкой за счет снижения (на 4–7%) микробного дыхания почвы по сравнению со вспашкой. В агроценозах Краснодарского края возделывание кукурузы вместе с нулевой обработкой наиболее эффективно для увеличения стока С в результате увеличения чистой первичной продукции (на 28–31%) и снижения почвенного микробного дыхания (на 15–17%).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>net primary production</kwd><kwd>net ecosystem production</kwd><kwd>DNDC model</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>soil CO2 emission</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>чистая первичная продукция</kwd><kwd>чистая экосистемная продукция</kwd><kwd>модель DNDC</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>почвенная эмиссия СО2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out as part of the youth laboratory's state assignment (No. 125061107005-4). 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