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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Самарской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1997-3225</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-4225</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Samara State Agrarian University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">695587</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55170/1997-3225-2025-10-4-30-35</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRICULTURE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Photosynthetic activity of winter and spring wheat crops depending on the use of the liquid fertilizers and growth regulator in the conditions of the Orenburg Pre-Urals region</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фотосинтетическая деятельность посевов озимой и яровой пшеницы в зависимости от применения ЖКУ и регулятора роста в условиях Оренбургского Предуралья</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8338-6253</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Episheva</surname><given-names>Yulia Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епишева</surname><given-names>Юлия Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Applicant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель</p></bio><email>episheva_93@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-7345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yartsev</surname><given-names>Gennady F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярцев</surname><given-names>Геннадий Фёдорович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор</p></bio><email>gf_yacev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-3841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baikasenov</surname><given-names>Ruslan K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байкасенов</surname><given-names>Руслан Куандыкович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент</p></bio><email>ruskuv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orenburg State Agrarian University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Оренбургский государственный аграрный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Episheva Y.Y., Yartsev G.F., Baikasenov R.K.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Епишева Ю.Ю., Ярцев Г.Ф., Байкасенов Р.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Episheva Y.Y., Yartsev G.F., Baikasenov R.K.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Епишева Ю.Ю., Ярцев Г.Ф., Байкасенов Р.К.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bulletin.ssaa.ru/1997-3225/article/view/695587">https://bulletin.ssaa.ru/1997-3225/article/view/695587</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The objective of this research is to optimize the phytometric parameters of winter and spring wheat crops through the use of liquid complex fertilizers and a growth regulator in the Orenburg Pre-Urals region. The use of organomineral fertilizers and a growth regulator in winter and spring wheat crops at the tillering stage improves photosynthetic activity, resulting in an increase in the area of the assimilation apparatus, the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, and the dry biomass yield. Photosynthetic activity in an agrocenosis, as a key component of production processes, is the most informative criterion for assessing yield formation under various environmental conditions and technological impacts on plants. Therefore, the research topic is relevant. The objects of the study were winter and spring wheat. Field surveys and observations were conducted using generally accepted methods. For winter wheat, the most effective fertilizer is the liquid nitrogen fertilizer Carb-N-Humic, which results in dry matter accumulation of 7.94 t/ha and a Kfar of 1.37%. For spring wheat, the best results are achieved with the chelated organomineral fertilizer Energoshans, which provides dry matter accumulation of 2.94 t/ha and a Kfar of 0.77%.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследований – оптимизация фитометрических показателей посевов озимой и яровой пшеницы за счет применения жидких комплексных удобрений и регулятора роста в условиях Оренбургского Предуралья. Применение органоминеральных удобрений и регулятора роста в посевах озимой и яровой пшеницы на стадии кущения приводит к улучшению фотосинтетической активности растений, что проявляется в увеличении площади ассимиляционного аппарата, коэффициента полезного действия фотосинтетического аппарата и урожая сухой биомассы. Фотосинтетическая деятельность в агроценозе, как основной компонент продукционных процессов, является наиболее информативным критерием при оценке формирования урожайности в различных условиях среды и технологических воздействий на растения. В связи с этим тематика исследований актуальна. Объектами исследований являлись озимая и яровая пшеница. Полевые учеты и наблюдения были проведены по общепринятым методикам. В посевах озимой пшеницы наиболее эффективным является использование жидкого азотного удобрения Carb-N-Humic, что приводит к формированию сухой надземной биомассы на уровне 7,94 т/га и К<sub>фар</sub> 1,37%. В случае яровой пшеницы лучшими результатами отличается органоминеральное удобрение в хелатной форме Энергошанс, обеспечивая накопление сухого вещества 2,94 т/га и К<sub>фар</sub> 0,77%.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spring wheat</kwd><kwd>winter wheat</kwd><kwd>growth regulator</kwd><kwd>liquid complex fertilizers</kwd><kwd>leaf surface area</kwd><kwd>photosynthetic potential</kwd><kwd>dry matter</kwd><kwd>net photosynthetic productivity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>яровая пшеница</kwd><kwd>озимая пшеница</kwd><kwd>регулятор роста</kwd><kwd>жидкие комплексные удобрения</kwd><kwd>площадь листовой поверхности</kwd><kwd>фотосинтетический потенциал</kwd><kwd>сухое вещество</kwd><kwd>чистая продуктивность фотосинтеза</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nichiporovich, A. A. (1970). 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